I think two different things are getting confused here;
For you to be able to claim from someone else, or to recover any losses from a Third Party, then there must be some type of fault or negligence.
e.g.
A storm blows a chimney off a house which lands on and destroys your car. Your claim is turned down by the insurers of the house. The chimney was in good condition, regularly maintained and there was no weakness that could have been found.
Thus, the storm was solely responsible, there was no human fault/negligence and no reasonable human intervention could have prevented it.
One can see why this is called an act of God, but that simply means no human negligence or legal responsibility.
However, your ability to claim on your own insurance is a contractual matter between you and your insurer. So things can be excluded or included by that contract, subject to the restrictions and/or requirements of the law. (e.g. Road Traffic Act(s) and Contract Law).
Thus if you have Accidental Damage / Comprehensive cover on your vehicle you should be paid for damage to that vehicle howsoever caused unless that cause was specifically or generally excluded (like you did it yourself or war).
I would guess that the original conversation that Smokie's daughter's friend had was around the fact that she could not claim on anyone else's policy and that she would have to claim on her own.
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