It’s not a theory. It’s a result drawn from a statistical analysis of survival rates. There is no argument as to whether what she says it is statistically correct. If you watch the program you will you will see the medical profession agree.
Of course the unfortunately there is no way of knowing whether an individual is in the group for whom the chemo is unnecessary or whether they will see the return of the cancer without the treatment. The only way to maximise survival chances is to take the chemo which is what most people do.
The documentary is really about how well the medical profession explain the statistics and how well patients understand them. Hannah Fry does a good job of explaining and her experience with cervical cancer is very moving. Absolutely worth a watch. One of the best documentaries I have seen for a while.
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