The t/stat housing normally has the top hose on its outlet side. The t/stat measures the temperature of the coolant and opens when the coolant is hot. The coolant then flows into the top of the radiator (or side if it's cross flow) and the then cooled coolant flows into the bottom of the engine. The pump IME usually sits somewhere in the cooler side of the system.
There will be a bypass flow and return somewhere to the heater. The system may be complicated by coolant flow to a heat exchanger somewhere with the lubrication system and a turbo if fitted.
See: tinyurl.com/y3hwcwfa
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